Bash-like scripting in shells is prevalent in operating systems but I don’t understand why, when it doesn’t have the syntax to make programming easy like other languages. What features does bash have that make it so suitable for shells? Why even new operating systems like Redox OS choose a very similar syntax over a completely different programming language?
Because it was easily possible to become ubiquitous, because, well, what I said.
There really is no other reason. Bash scripting is slow and lacks a lot of features. But it simply works.